126 practice questions with detailed explanations
The Australia and Its People section covers the nation's history, geography, culture, and national identity. This broad section tests your knowledge of Indigenous Australian history, European settlement, important national symbols, and the diverse multicultural society that defines modern Australia. It is often the section with the most questions on the citizenship test.
Australia has a rich history spanning over 65,000 years, beginning with the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples — the world's oldest continuous cultures. European settlement began in 1788, and since then, Australia has grown into one of the most culturally diverse nations on Earth. Understanding this history, including the significance of events like the gold rush, Federation in 1901, and the contributions of migrants from around the world, is essential for the test.
Questions in this section also cover Australian symbols (the flag, coat of arms, national anthem), important landmarks, public holidays (especially Australia Day and Anzac Day), and notable Australians. You may also encounter questions about Australia's geography, climate, and the significance of the land to Indigenous peoples. This is a wide-ranging section, so thorough preparation across all these topics will serve you well.
In the citizenship pledge, you pledge your loyalty to
Australia's first inhabitants are
Torres Strait Islander people are
Which of these statements about Australia's first inhabitants is correct?
Historically, Aboriginal people are from
Which of these statements about Aboriginal peoples is correct?
Torres Strait Islander people are from
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples' deep connection with the land is expressed in
European settlement started when
The 'First Fleet' mostly transported
European settlement started on
The first 11 convict ships from Great Britain became known as
The First Fleet arrived in Australia from
Convicts were transported to the new colony of
The first Governor of New South Wales was
Early free settlers in Australia came from
Early free settlers came from
The capital city of Victoria is
Gold was discovered in New South Wales and Victoria in
In 1851, gold was discovered in the colonies of
In 1851, people came from all around the world to Australia to find
The first large group of migrants not from Europe were
Which of these statements about the gold rush is correct?
The separate colonies were united into a federation of states in
The federation of states formed in Australia is called
In 1901, Australia's population was
In the first half of the 20th century, migration levels
Large numbers of Europeans came to Australia to build a new life
Which of these statements about Australia's population is correct?
Australia's national language is
Which of these statements about communicating in English is correct?
How many distinct Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages are valued in Australia?
How many states are there in Australia?
How many mainland territories are in Australia?
What is Australia's capital city?
The six states of Australia are
The two mainland territories of Australia are
The capital city of New South Wales is
The capital city of Queensland is
The capital city of Western Australia is
The capital city of South Australia is
The capital city of Tasmania is
The capital city of the Australian Capital Territory is
The capital city of the Northern Territory is
The first colony established by the British was
Australia's largest city is
The smallest of the mainland states is
Many fine buildings in Victoria were built from the wealth created by
Which of the following is an icon of Victoria?
The second largest state is
The Torres Strait Islands lie to the north of
The world-famous Great Barrier Reef is located in
Which state has tropical rainforests, temperate coastal areas and an often dry inland?
The largest state is
Which state has its east mostly desert and its south-west a rich agricultural area?
Which state is home to many large mining projects?
Which of the following is an icon of Western Australia?
Which state has a rugged coastline and many famous wine regions?
Which city has many examples of fine colonial architecture?
Which of the following is an icon of South Australia?
The smallest state is
Tasmania is separated from mainland Australia by
Which state or territory has mostly unspoilt wilderness landscapes?
Which of the following is a Tasmanian icon?
The Australian Capital Territory is located between
Parliament House and the High Court of Australia are located in
Which territory has a tropical environment in the north and dry red desert in the south?
Which of the following is a Northern Territory icon?
A Welcome to Country is
Which of these statements about a Welcome to Country is correct?
An Acknowledgement of Country is
Which of these statements about an Acknowledgement of Country is correct?
On 26 January each year, we celebrate
Australia Day is the anniversary of
On Australia Day, communities across Australia reflect on
The biggest annual public holiday in Australia is
Australia Day acknowledges and celebrates
The Prime Minister announces the Australian of the Year Awards
On 25 April each year, we commemorate
On Anzac Day, we remember
The official flag of Australia is
The three officially recognised flags of Australia are
The colours of the Australian National Flag are
The background colour of the Australian National Flag is
In the top left corner of the Australian National Flag is
On the Australian National Flag, the Union Jack represents
On the Australian National Flag, the Commonwealth Star is located
How many points does the Commonwealth Star have?
The points of the Commonwealth Star represent
On the Australian National Flag, the Southern Cross is
On the Australian National Flag, the Southern Cross is located
The colours of the Australian Aboriginal Flag are
The top half of the Australian Aboriginal Flag represents
The bottom half of the Australian Aboriginal Flag represents
On the Australian Aboriginal Flag, the yellow circle represents
The colours of the Torres Strait Islander Flag are
On the Torres Strait Islander Flag, the green stripes represent
On the Torres Strait Islander Flag, the blue panel in the centre represents
On the Torres Strait Islander Flag, the black lines represent
On the Torres Strait Islander Flag, the white dancer's headdress represents
On the Torres Strait Islander Flag, the points of the white star represent
On the Torres Strait Islander Flag, the colour white symbolises
The official symbol of the Commonwealth of Australia is
The Commonwealth Coat of Arms represents
The Commonwealth Coat of Arms identifies
In the Commonwealth Coat of Arms, the shield in the centre represents
In the Commonwealth Coat of Arms, the shield is supported by
In the Commonwealth Coat of Arms, above the shield sits
The background of the Commonwealth Coat of Arms is
Australia's national flower is
Which of these statements about the golden wattle is correct?
Australia's national colours are
Australia's national colours come from
Australia's national gemstone is
According to Aboriginal legend, the colours of the opal were created by
Australia's national anthem is
Australia's national anthem is sung
The first line of Australia's national anthem is
Aboriginal peoples arrived in Australia between
The British Government decided to transport convicts to Australia because
Which heritage has had a major influence on Australia's recent history, culture and politics?
Under the new Australian Constitution in 1901, what was established?
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples were included in official population estimates
Which of the following is a national icon?
A Welcome to Country was traditionally performed to ensure
Anzac Day is named after